Founded · ১ সেপ্টেম্বর ১৯৭৮

Bangladesh Nationalist Party

বাংলাদেশ জাতীয়তাবাদী দল — founded by President Ziaur Rahman on the principles of Bangladeshi nationalism, democracy, and sovereign independence. One of the nation's two historically dominant political forces.

১৯৭৮
Year Founded
৭৬
Founding Members
৬×
Election Victories
৩১
Point Reform Plan
BNP
Ziaur Rahman
Ziaur Rahman
Founder & President of Bangladesh
১৯৭৮
Khaleda Zia
Khaleda Zia
Chairperson (1983–2025) · First Female PM of Bangladesh · Died 30 December 2025
১৯৮৩–২০২৫
Tarique Rahman
Tarique Rahman
Chairperson, BNP · Prime Minister of Bangladesh
২০২৫–বর্তমান
Bangladeshi Nationalism
Conservative Liberalism
Islamic Democracy
Multiparty Democracy
Free Market Economy
Ma, Mati, Manush
Bangladesh Zindabad
Prothom Bangladesh
About the Party

A Nation's Nationalist Vanguard

The Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) — বাংলাদেশ জাতীয়তাবাদী দল — was established on 1 September 1978 by President Ziaur Rahman. Known at its founding as the "Party of the Freedom Fighters of the Battlefield," BNP emerged from the Jatiyatabadi Front and consolidated nationalists, freedon fighters, and civic leaders under a single banner.

The party rose as one of Bangladesh's two dominant forces alongside the Awami League. Ziaur Rahman led it until his assassination in 1981, after which Khaleda Zia took the helm — becoming the first female Prime Minister of Bangladesh and the second female PM of a Muslim-majority nation. The BNP has governed Bangladesh across six separate terms and holds the record for the largest parliamentary opposition (116 seats) in the country's history. In 2026, BNP won the general election under the leadership of Tarique Rahman.

Following Khaleda Zia's passing on 30 December 2025, Tarique Rahman became Chairperson of BNP and led the party to victory in the 2026 general election. He now serves as Prime Minister of Bangladesh, implementing the 31-Point Reform Charter and Family Card Programme. The party's ideology blends Bangladeshi nationalism with a respect for Islamic and Bengali cultural traditions, a pro-sovereignty foreign policy, and market-friendly economic principles.

Party at a Glance
Founded1 September 1978
FounderPresident Ziaur Rahman
Bengali Nameবাংলাদেশ জাতীয়তাবাদী দল
ChairpersonTarique Rahman
Prime MinisterTarique Rahman
Secretary-Gen.Mirza Fakhrul Islam Alamgir
Symbol🌾 Sheaf of Paddy (ধানের শিষ)
ColoursGreen & White (National) · Sky Blue (Customary)
Ideology
Bangladeshi Nationalism Conservative Liberalism Islamic Democracy Anti-autocracy
SlogansBangladesh Zindabad · Ma, Mati, Manush · Prothom Bangladesh
HeadquartersNaya Paltan, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Party History

Five Decades of Struggle & Governance

1975–1977
The Road to Power — Zia Rises
After the political chaos following Bangladesh's independence and the 1975 coup cycle, Major General Ziaur Rahman emerged as a stabilising force. On 21 April 1977, President Sayem resigned and Zia took charge as President, beginning a new chapter in Bangladeshi politics.
1978
BNP Founded — 1 September 1978
Following his presidential election victory, Ziaur Rahman established BNP with 76 founding members. The party's constitution was drafted in just 21 days. Dr. A.Q.M. Badruddoza Chowdhury became its first Secretary-General. The sheaf of paddy — symbol of NAP (Bhashani) — was adopted as the party emblem.
1979
First General Election Victory
BNP won 207 out of 300 seats in the 1979 general election, forming its first government. Shah Azizur Rahman was elected Prime Minister. The party's nationalist platform resonated strongly with a population seeking stability and democratic governance.
1981
Assassination of Ziaur Rahman
On 30 May 1981, President Ziaur Rahman was assassinated in the Chittagong Circuit House by a faction of military officers. His funeral drew millions to Dhaka in a massive outpouring of grief. Abdus Sattar won the subsequent presidential election but was ousted in a 1982 military coup led by General Ershad.
1983–1990
Khaleda Zia's Anti-Autocracy Struggle
From 1983, Begum Khaleda Zia led BNP in fierce resistance against General Ershad's military regime via the 7-Party Alliance. The party organised mass strikes, boycotted rigged elections in 1986 and 1988, and was subjected to arrests and house arrest of its leadership. Their sustained pressure contributed to Ershad's resignation in December 1990.
1991
First Female Prime Minister of Bangladesh
BNP won 140 seats in the 1991 general election. Khaleda Zia was sworn in as Bangladesh's first female Prime Minister — and the second female PM of a Muslim-majority country after Pakistan's Benazir Bhutto. Her government successfully restored parliamentary democracy.
1996
Record-Setting Opposition: 116 Seats
In February 1996 BNP won 278 seats in an election boycotted by others. However in the June 1996 election, BNP won 116 seats in opposition — the largest opposition bloc in the history of Bangladesh's parliamentary elections, a record that still stands.
2001
Landslide Victory — 193 Seats
Leading the 4-Party Alliance, BNP won a commanding 193 seats in the 2001 general election. Khaleda Zia returned as Prime Minister for her second full term (2001–2006), representing the party's largest-ever parliamentary majority and most decisive electoral mandate.
2018–Present
Tarique Rahman — Chairperson & Prime Minister
After Khaleda Zia's imprisonment in 2018, Tarique Rahman assumed leadership from London, unveiling BNP's 31-Point Reform Charter and Family Card Programme. Following Khaleda Zia's passing on 30 December 2025, he became full Chairperson. He led BNP to victory in the 2026 general election and was sworn in as Prime Minister of Bangladesh.
2026
2026 — BNP Wins the Election
BNP won the 2026 general election, ending years of political struggle. Tarique Rahman was sworn in as Prime Minister of Bangladesh. Candidate Shahinur Nargis — Daffar Sachiv of the central committee of Mahila Dal — stood as part of this historic national democratic effort, helping deliver BNP's mandate for reform and renewal.
Leadership

Pillars of the Party

Ziaur Rahman
Founder & President
Ziaur Rahman
President of Bangladesh (1977–1981) · Founder, BNP (1 September 1978)
A decorated Liberation War hero, Ziaur Rahman founded BNP after winning the 1978 presidential election. A veteran of the 1971 war, he worked to restore multiparty democracy, drafted a 19-point programme of economic reform, and championed Bangladeshi nationalism. He was assassinated on 30 May 1981 in Chittagong, leaving behind a party and an ideology that defined a generation.
Khaleda Zia
Chairperson
Khaleda Zia
Prime Minister of Bangladesh (1991–96, 2001–06) · Party Chairperson since 1983
The first female Prime Minister of Bangladesh and the second in a Muslim-majority country, Khaleda Zia led BNP from 1983 through its most successful democratic period. She spearheaded the mass movement that toppled Ershad's regime, won three general elections, and established the tradition of the neutral caretaker government. She passed away on 30 December 2025, leaving behind a legacy as one of Bangladesh's most consequential political leaders.
Tarique Rahman
Chairperson & Prime Minister
Tarique Rahman
Chairperson, BNP · Prime Minister of Bangladesh · Son of Ziaur Rahman & Khaleda Zia
Tarique Rahman became Chairperson of BNP following the passing of Khaleda Zia on 30 December 2025. He led BNP to victory in the 2026 general election and now serves as Prime Minister of Bangladesh. He modernised the party platform with the 31-Point Reform Charter and the Family Card Programme, and represents BNP's vision for a democratic, prosperous Bangladesh.
Electoral Record

BNP in General Elections

Year Seats Won Seats (Visual) Result Note
1979 207 / 300
207
Government Shah Azizur Rahman, PM
1991 140 / 300
140
Government Khaleda Zia, 1st female PM
Feb 1996 278 / 300
278
Government Election boycotted by major parties
June 1996 116 / 300
116
Opposition Largest opposition in BD history 🏆
2001 193 / 300
193
Government Khaleda Zia, 4-Party Alliance
2008 30 / 300
30
Opposition Post-military caretaker transition
2014 Boycott
Boycott Demanded neutral caretaker govt.
2018 7 / 300
7
Opposition Disputed; results widely contested
2024 Boycott
Boycott Demanded free & fair process
2026 Majority
Government Tarique Rahman sworn in as PM 🏆
Party Origins

Founding Members · September 1978

The BNP's constitution was drafted within 21 days of formation. Below are members of the original founding convening committee (76 members) and the National Standing Committee — the highest decision-making body of the party.

Founding Convening Committee (Selected)
Ziaur Rahman — Chief Convener
Justice Abdus Sattar
Mashiur Rahman
M. Hamidullah Khan — Exec. Secretary
Shah Azizur Rahman
Mohammad Mohammadullah
Abdul Halim Chowdhury
Abdul Momen Khan
Mirza Ghulam Hafiz
Major Gen. Majid-ul-Haq
Saifur Rahman
K. M. Obaidur Rahman
Moudud Ahmed
Shamsul Huda Chaudhury
Dr. A.Q.M. Badruddoza Chowdhury — Sec.-Gen.
Anwar Hossain Manju
Abdur Rahman Biswas
Nazmul Huda
Sirajul Huq Mantu
Muhammad Jamiruddin Sircar
Atauddin Khan
Sunil Kumar Gupta
Mansur Ali Sarker
Abdul Hamid Chowdhury
National Standing Committee (12 Members)
Ziaur Rahman
Abdus Sattar
Shah Azizur Rahman
Major Gen. Majid-ul-Haq
Abdur Razzaq Chowdhury
Sheikh Razzak Ali
Muhammad Jamiruddin Sircar
Ekramul Huq
Dr. A.Q.M. Badruddoza Chowdhury
Syed Mahibul Hasan
Amina Rahman
A.S.M. Yusuf
Youth Wing Founded September 1978

The Bangladesh Jatiotabadi Jubodal (যুবদল) was formed in September 1978, with Abul Kashem as Chief Convener and Saifur Rahman heading the Dhaka unit. Mirza Abbas became the Dhaka unit President. This became one of Bangladesh's largest youth political organisations.

Student Wing Founded 1978

The Bangladesh Jatiotabadi Chatra Dal (ছাত্রদল) was founded as the student wing. It won control of DUCSU (Dhaka University Central Students' Union) in 1990, playing a pivotal role in the mass uprising that ousted Ershad's regime.

Allied Organisations

Party Wings

🎓
Jatiotabadi Chatra Dal
বাংলাদেশ জাতীয়তাবাদী ছাত্রদল
Student wing of BNP. One of Bangladesh's largest student organisations, historically dominant in Dhaka University. Won control of DUCSU in 1990, galvanising the student uprising that toppled Ershad's regime.
Jatiotabadi Jubodal
বাংলাদেশ জাতীয়তাবাদী যুবদল
Youth wing founded September 1978. Abul Kashem was chief convener; Mirza Abbas became Dhaka unit President. One of the first wings formed alongside the party itself, and a key grassroots mobilising force for BNP.
👩
Jatiotabadi Mahila Dal
বাংলাদেশ জাতীয়তাবাদী মহিলা দল
Women's wing dedicated to women's political empowerment and rights. Candidate Shahinur Nargis currently serves as Daffar Sachiv (Office Secretary) of the central committee of this organisation, having risen from its student ranks since the 1990s.
🤲
Jatiotabadi Swechasebak Dal
জাতীয়তাবাদী স্বেচ্ছাসেবক দল
Volunteer wing providing community service, disaster relief, and social welfare support. Active in event security, election monitoring, and mobilising volunteers for mass gatherings and political campaigns.
⚖️
Jatiotabadi Ainjibi Forum
জাতীয়তাবাদী আইনজীবী ফোরাম
Lawyers' forum advocating rule of law, judicial independence, and citizens' legal rights. Plays a central role in legal defence of BNP leaders and pursuing constitutional reforms through the courts.
👷
Jatiotabadi Sramik Dal
জাতীয়তাবাদী শ্রমিক দল
Labour wing protecting workers' rights, fair wages, and safe working conditions. Advocates for democratic trade union rights and fair representation for garment, industrial, and agricultural workers across Bangladesh.
বাংলাদেশ
বাংলাদেশ জিন্দাবাদ
Bangladesh Zindabad — Long Live Bangladesh
মা, মাটি, মানুষ
Mother · Soil · People
শহীদ জিয়া অমর হোক
প্রথম বাংলাদেশ
Bangladesh First
Take Back Bangladesh